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(50 U.S.C. In 1981, while trying unsuccessfully to block a Soviet natural gas pipeline during a chill in the Cold War, then-US President Ronald Reagan warned Europe of its growing reliance on Russian energy, urging the continent to seek alternative suppliers, including from North Africa. Factbox: Russian Gas Export Pipelines, Projects. Sec. Canada was our top supplier, sending the U.S. 4.5 million BPD. Russian energy giant Gazprom said on Sunday it had increased its overall gas exports, including to China, last year. It has said it is meeting its contractual obligations on gas deliveries. Russian energy export pipelines (22 U.S.C. Russian gas exports to Europe play a key role in the Ukraine crisis As much as 40% of Europe's natural gas supply comes from Russia, a reliance that puts U.S. allies like Germany in a jam when it . §9526). Russian Pipeline Projects Sanctions On August 20, 2021, President Biden signed Executive Order 14039 "Blocking Property with Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines" (" August 20 EO "), adding further sanctions against Russia under the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019, as amended ("PEESA"). Prior to this year, Russia's exports appeared to be in a structural downtrend as China shifted towards renewable and other sources of energy from global providers. (NEA), the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019 (Title LXXV, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020, Public Law 116-92), . * Russia also raised gas pipeline supplies to Turkey by 63% in 2021 and to Germany by 10.5%. But that is becoming more difficult as the U.S., NATO and the EU become increasingly alarmed at the . same amount for the construction of Russian energy export pipelines, including the second line of TurkStream (22 U.S.C. Executive Order on Blocking Property with Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines . (ESPO) pipeline and its spur to China. Russia has agreed a 30-year contract to supply gas to China via a new pipeline and will settle the new gas sales in euros, bolstering their energy alliance. ЕСГ России. Russia also exports sizeable volumes of petroleum products. Russia's main export route is a 4,000-km (2,500-mile) pipeline that links East Siberian fields to northeast China. OFAC has issued Russia-related General License 1A and related FAQ 921 . * The completed Nord Stream 2 pipeline from Russia to Germany has annual capacity of 55 bcm and the operator says it can deliver enough energy to supply 26 million households per year. (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. Russian gas flows have been a quarter lower than usual over the past year, but European leaders now fear that a Russian invasion of Ukraine could spell an energy catastrophe if gas exports are cut. The project is still awaiting regulatory approval. (IEEPA), I hereby report that I have issued an Executive Order in order to take additional steps regarding certain Russian energy export pipelines to deal with the national emergency declared in Executive Order 14024 of April 15, 2021, with respect to the . Russian exports, which normally account for about 30% of Europe's . Executive Order 14039 of August 20, 2021 Blocking Property With Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines. It is looking to diversify and expand its energy exports to Asian markets. (NEA), the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019 (Title . would be Russia withholding gas sent through pipelines crossing Ukraine . As the crisis between Russia and the West deepens on the borders of Ukraine, Europe and Russia's long interdependence on one another for energy has become a critical bargaining piece on both sides. Gazprom, which has a monopoly on Russian gas exports by pipeline, agreed to supply Chinese state energy major CNPC with 10 billion cubic metres of gas a year, the Russian firm and a Beijing . Russia has traditionally tried to insulate its energy exports — it supplies about 40 percent of the EU's natural gas and has long argued that it's a stable and predictable provider — from the political pressure it exerts in its neighborhood. Despite record . Turkmen gas distance. 1601 et seq.) Nord Stream 2 stretches for 1,200 kilometres . FRANKFURT, Germany (AP) — Fears are rising about what would happen to Europe's energy supply if Russia were to invade Ukraine and then shut off natural gas exports in retaliation for U.S. and . A Russian assault could trigger the cancellation of pending projects, including the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) pipeline to Germany, while Russian President Vladimir Putin has threatened to restrict energy exports. In 2017, energy products accounted around 60% of the EU's total imports from Russia. §9526). Relying on Stockpiles. * The completed Nord Stream 2 pipeline from Russia to Germany has annual capacity of 55 bcm and the operator says it can deliver enough energy to supply 26 million households per year. Exports have also risen to Italy by 20.3%. Russia's key oil export route to China is the 80 million mt/year, or 1.6 million b/d East Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline. "Russian President Vladimir Putin uses Russia's natural gas to extort and threaten our allies and our partners," said Barrasso. Fatih Birol, the head of the International Energy Agency, said earlier this month that Russian gas company Gazprom slashed exports to Europe by 25% year-on-year in the fourth quarter of 2021 . Gazprom, Russia's giant state-owned energy company, is slated to finalize an agreement in 2022 for a second huge natural gas pipeline running from Siberia to China, marking yet another stage in . Russian pipeline gas exports to China nearly triple in 2021. An increasingly belligerent Russia, an energy crunch and a new Green minister of economics all add up to a change of direction in Germany . The four-year contract was signed as part of a meeting between Gazprom Export and BOTAŞ on December 30, 2021. Russia is one of the world's largest oil producers. Russia maintains a target of transporting 38 billion cubic meters of gas via pipeline by 2025. According to the International Energy Agency, Russia cut its gas exports by pipeline to Europe by 23 percent in the last quarter of 2021 compared with the same period a year earlier. 1701 et seq.) (NEA), the Protecting . Russian energy export infrastructure, and the emergence of new Chinese oil traders with . 1701 et seq . It has also updated FAQ 894 . . (This is why the Keystone XL Pipeline was . Along with rocketing energy prices, Russian energy exports to China have risen in parallel. Beijing is Moscow's primary export market, with the European Union a close second. While flows of natural gas vary and have fallen of late, about one-third of Russia's gas exports to Europe usually go through Ukraine. According to the International Energy Agency, Russia cut its gas exports by pipeline to Europe by 23 percent in the last quarter of 2021 compared with the same period a year earlier. The extensive pipeline system connecting Russia and Europe through several routes is one of the key elements in the Russian natural gas export strategy. * Russian energy giant Gazprom says its gas exports outside the former Soviet Union jumped more than 15% for January to the end of September to 145.8 billion cubic metres (bcm), the second-highest. Additionally, the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019, as amended in 2020 (PEESA; 22 U.S.C. * Gazprom's 2021 total natural gas production rose by 62.2 bcm to 514.8 bcm, its highest in 13 years, while domestic gas supplies rose by 31.9 bcm to 257.8 . Russian energy supplies and its network of gas export pipelines have been in the spotlight as Moscow has amassed some 100,000 troops near Ukraine, which is forging closer ties with the West. OFAC has also published FAQ 919 and FAQ 920 that are related to today's Non-Proliferation Designations Updates. Russia is an energy giant—the world's third-largest producer of oil and second-largest producer of natural gas. Supplies via the Power of Siberia pipeline, which is not connected to the network of westbound Russian gas pipelines, began in late 2019 and are due to rise to 38 bcm a year by 2025, up from 10.5 bcm in 2021, under a 30-year contract worth more than $400 billion. an energy supply for Europe . Export Terminals. Additionally, the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act Despite the European energy crunch, Russian imports aren't being boosted. The order responds to certain Russian energy pipeline projects intended to expand Russia's influence over Europe's energy resources that would weaken European energy security — including that of. with Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines . ### According to Eurostat, 30% of the EU's petroleum oil imports and 39% of total gas imports came from Russia in 2017.. For Estonia, Poland, Slovakia and . 1601 et seq.) The Energy Strategy of Russia for the period until 2020 (adopted in 2003) [ 42 ] directed the markets of CIS countries and Europe, and was primarily targeted towards diversification of export . For instance, Russia exported US$29 billion of oil, gas and coal to China in 2020. 1601 et seq.) Those pipelines could become collateral damage during a . . Executive Order 14039—Blocking Property With Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines. Persons who sell, lease, or provide to Russia, for the construction of Russian energy export pipelines, goods, services, technology, information, or support (defined as being able to directly or significantly facilitate the maintenance or expansion of the construction, modernization, or repair of energy export pipelines). West Siberia. If operational, it would deliver 55 billion cubic meters of gas per year directly from Russia to Europe. As of late 2021, the U.S. was importing 8.5 million BPD of crude oil from all countries. Russia has agreed on a 30-year contract to supply gas to China via a new pipeline and will settle the new gas sales in euros, bolstering an energy alliance with Beijing amid Moscow's strained ties with the West over Ukraine and other issues.. Gazprom, which has a monopoly on Russian gas exports by pipeline, agreed to supply Chinese state energy major CNPC with 10 billion cubic metres of gas a . I hereby determine that the making of donations of the types of articles specified in section 203(b)(2) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. Senator Capito is a cosponsor of the Energy Security Cooperation with Allied Partners in Europe (ESCAPE) Act, which would expedite the approval of U.S. natural gas exports to allied countries and impose sanctions on Russia for the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, as well as other Russian export pipelines. According to the 2021 BP Statistical Review of World Energy, in 2020 Russia produced 10.1 million barrels per day (BPD) of crude oil and . * Russia also raised gas pipeline supplies to Turkey by 63% in 2021 and to Germany by 10.5%. In an effort to mitigate such a crisis, the White House is spearheading efforts to redirect energy supplies to Europe, but experts say any . Op-Ed: Threaten Russia where it will hurt: Curb its gas and oil sales to Europe. 5. Yamal Fields. Russian exports to China are valued at more than $79 billion - oil and gas represent more than half of the products. 1701 et seq.) If Russia invades Ukraine, the U.S. and European Union should target muscular sanctions at Moscow's energy exports and earnings, Michael E. O'Hanlon and David G. Victor argue. (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. Lubmin, GERMANY - Remote, quiet but energy-rich: the coastal area of Lubmin in north Germany hosts the world's most controversial gas pipeline. Updated Feb. 17, 2022. Instead of flowing to Europe, where energy prices are skyrocketing as a result both of the . The President has signed a new Executive Order Blocking Property with Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines . Authorizes mandatory U.S. sanctions on the development of Russian energy pipeline projects, such as Nord Stream II. Ukrainian Pipelines. Gas and oil-rich Russia is linked to European energy markets through a series of critical pipelines, the biggest flowing . While Russia is bolstering its energy ties with China, it continues to be at odds with the West over Ukraine, while Gazprom's gas exports to Europe have plunged in recent months.. (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. It exported 16.5 billion cubic metres (bcm). The project is still awaiting regulatory approval. More than seventy-percent of this oil comes through pipelines that cross through Ukrainian territory after leaving . As a result, Russian gas exports to Europe reached a record level in 2021 - despite U.S. efforts to ramp up . 1702(b)(2)) by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order would seriously impair my ability to deal with the national emergency declared in Executive Order 14024, and I hereby prohibit such . "The ESCAPE Act will take this geopolitical . By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. On January 19, 2021, the Trump Administration imposed sanctions on the Russian vessel Fortuna, which Gazprom is using to complete construction of Nord Stream 2, and its corporate owner KVT-RUS, pursuant to Section 232. Deliveries of pipeline gas from Russia to China in January-August 2021 jumped 2.7 times year on year to 4.73 million tons. The project is still awaiting regulatory approval. while interacting with Russian energy minister . Russia has denied the allegations, and says the pipeline will boost gas exports and help alleviate high prices in Europe. Russia uses its energy export pipelines to create national and regional dependencies on Russian energy supplies and leverages these dependencies to expand its political, economic, and military influence and undermine U.S. national security and foreign policy interests. * The completed Nord Stream 2 pipeline from Russia to Germany has annual capacity of 55 bcm and the operator says it can deliver enough energy to supply 26 million households per year. That pipeline is now responsible for a third of all Russian gas exports to Europe. The Yamal-Europe pipeline, which usually brings Russian gas to Europe, reversed its flow last week, adding pressure to an already tight European gas market as winter demand peaks. The pipeline has critics in Europe, with Ukraine hurt and angry at the pipeline deal with Russia, as it means its own pipelines are bypassed and it will lose valuable gas transit fees as a result. . Russia already sends gas to China via its Power of Siberia pipeline, which began pumping supplies in 2019, and by shipping liquefied natural gas (LNG). New stretches of export pipelines had been completed, and a new Russian oil terminal was operating on the Gulf of Finland. Russian gas travels to Europe through a series of pipelines, while exports from the United States and other countries have to be liquefied and transported on ships. Russia is also poised to become a major supplier of natural gas to China within the next decade as new export projects come online and ramp up to full capacity. Updated Feb. 17, 2022. Requires the Secretary of Energy to expedite approvals of natural gas exports to NATO allies, Japan and any other foreign country where exports of natural gas would promote the national security interests of the United States. Nord Stream 2, Europe's most divisive energy project, was designed . Gazprom Pipelines in the FSU. According to Eastern Bloc Energy, Russia exported about 1.3 million b/d of fuel oil, 990,000 b/d of diesel, and 120,000 b/d of gasoline in 2016. Russians have been reliable energy suppliers to European countries for decades. Currently, Russian fuel represents more than a third of Europe's total imports. Gazprom, Russia's gas export pipeline monopoly which owns the ship, declined to comment on vessel's latest movement. As the crisis between Russia and the West deepens on the borders of Ukraine, Europe and Russia's long interdependence on one another for energy has become a critical bargaining piece on both sides. According to Russia's state energy giant Gazprom, China's gas demand has "stunning" growth potential. It exported smaller volumes of liquefied petroleum gas (75,000 b/d) during the same year, according to Clipper Data. A pipeline linking Russian gas with China means that Moscow is driving ahead with gas exports to China, which could allow it to tighten the screws further on EU consumers. By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) Germany Tries to Loosen Its Ties to Russian Gas Pipelines. 1601 et seq.) The $11bn gas pipeline across the Baltic Sea, owned by Russia's state-backed energy giant Gazprom, runs from western Siberia to Germany, doubling the capacity of the already-in-use Nord Stream 1 . Moscow relies on energy exports, and though it just signed a gas deal with China, Europe is a key source of revenue. Last month, for the first time ever, U.S. exports of liquefied natural gas to Europe exceeded Russia's pipeline deliveries. August 20, 2021. . More than seventy-percent of this oil comes through pipelines that cross through Ukrainian territory after leaving . allowing an India-Russia crude oil pipeline to pass through China . European countries are facing reduced natural-gas supplies at the height of winter after Russia halted deliveries to Ukraine over a price dispute . The Russian Federation supplies a significant volume of fossil fuels and is the largest exporter of oil, natural gas and hard coal to the European Union. Selected Maps and Schemes of Gas Pipelines of Russia and the FSU. On October 20, 2020, the U.S. Department of State (" State ") broadened, yet again, the scope of sanctions applicable to Russian energy export pipeline projects, most notably the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, a nearly finished Russian-backed natural-gas pipeline that has been a hot-button geopolitical issue in recent years. Gas and oil-rich Russia is linked to European energy markets through a series of critical pipelines, the biggest flowing . Russia concluded an ambitious agreement with the European Union on long . That's more than 50% of Germany's annual consumption and could be worth as much as $15 billion to Gazprom, the Russian state owned company that controls the pipeline, based on its average export . Executive Order on Blocking Property with Respect to Certain Russian Energy Export Pipelines By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. Russia's Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline is on hold as the European Commission is looking into the pipeline's compliance with Europe's energy policy, European Commission Vice President Valdis Dombrovskis said on Monday, January 31, 2022. FACTBOX-Russian gas pipeline exports to Europe * The completed Nord Stream 2 pipeline from Russia to Germany has annual capacity of 55 bcm and the operator says it can deliver enough energy to supply 26 million households per year. Others say it could blow . §9526 note), establishes sanctions on foreign persons who the President determines have sold, leased, provided, or Currently, Russian fuel represents more than a third of Europe's total imports. Kazakhstan. Gazprom, the Russian state-owned company that owns the pipeline, said its average export. Designed before sanctions hit the Russian energy sector, the pipeline ships directly to China, as well as via the port of Kozmino. The project. Pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. It also mandates sanctions on the Nord Stream II pipeline that would carry natural gas from Russia to Germany, along with other Russian energy export pipelines. A Russian pipe-laying vessel is used in the construction of the German-Russian Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline in the . A. Gazprom Export, a subsidiary of Russia's state-owned Gazprom, will increase its gas deliveries to Turkey under a new energy agreement reached with Turkey's state-owned BOTAŞ Petroleum Pipeline Corporation. * Russia also raised gas pipeline supplies to Turkey by 63% in 2021 and to Germany by 10.5%. (NEA), the Protecting

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